J. T. M. Miller, University of Durham, Durham, UK

Abstract: A commonly held position in the literature on the metaphysics of words holds that intentions are either jointly or independently necessary or sufficient for the tokening of a word. In this paper, using a modified version of an example case created by Pavese and Radulescu (2023), I propose a counterexample in which there is no intention to token a specific word, but a word is still successfully uttered.

Keywords: Words; intentions; metaphysics of words.